Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a kind of multipotent adult stem cells that are distributed in the capillaries of multiple tissues of the human body and have the ability to self-renew, multi-lineage differentiation and secretome. Many researchers consider the transplantation of MSCs to be the most effective tool for cell therapy.
Research shows that adult stem cell therapy can be effective in treating a number of different diseases and injuries. By Dec 2019, 207 clinical trials associated with MSCs inside of the U.S. were enrolled into clinicaltrials.gov after submitting to FDA, and covered 507 conditions totally.
MSCs produce a variety of bioactive factors such as growth factors, cytokines, and chemokines that interact with endogenous cells to stimulate innate tissue repair and modulate inflammation and immune responses.
Examples: MSCs produce IL-6 to acquire tolerogenic phenotypes, PGE2 to suppress NK cells cytotoxicity and CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell proliferation, and IDO to inhibit the differentiation of circulating T follicular helper cells.
On behalf of patients, the FDA advised patients who need stem cell treatment only consider either:
Before getting treatment, ask your provider to give you the information of FDA-issued Investigational New Drug Application, and sign a consent form that explains the experimental procedure.
